It is thought that gypsum solubilization is achieved by both oxalic acid and citric acid production (Gharieb & Gadd, 1999). Oxalic acid is a common metabolite produced by …
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Citric acid increases the fluidity of recycled gypsum plaster. Retarding effects are higher with high content of the admixture. Mechanical properties are diminished with the …
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In this work, the effects of glutaric acid (GA), tricarballylic acid (TA) and citric acid (CA) on morphology of prepared samples were systematically investigated by experiments and …
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Citric acid gypsum (CAG), a by-product from citric acid production processes, rich in calcium sulfate dihydrate, emerged during the reaction of precipitated calcium citrate with …
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Lemon juice continued to be used as the commercial resource of citric acid until 1919, and the first industrial production using Aspergillus niger began when it was found to have the capacity to ...
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A field trial experiment was carried out during the winter season of 2010/2011 to investigate the effect of different amendments i.e. gypsum, citric acid, farmyard manure, …
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- Citric acid production is mixed growth associated, mainly take place under nitrogen and phosphate limitation after growth has ceased. - Medium requirements for high production - …
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Citrogypsum, derived from the citric acid production process, and titanogypsum, a by-product of titanium dioxide manufacturing, are other notable forms of synthetic gypsum. …
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The effect of citric acid and 1,2-dihydroxybenzene 3,5-disulfonic acid (DHBDSA), as additives, on the crystallization of gypsum was studied under simulated conditions of the of phosphoric acid ...
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Citric acid (CA), an intermediate of the tricarboxylic acid cycle, is one of the most important commercially valuable products due to its widespread use mainly in food (70%), …
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Gypsum, from either nature or industrial by-products, can be a lower-cost and cleaner alternative binder to Portland cement used in construction projects, such as affordable housing in developing countries. Although various …
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The role of citric acid, a retarder additive used to prolong the workability and setting time of gypsum binders, was studied at concentrations of 0, 125, 250, 500, 1000, 1500 and …
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It has been claimed that citric acid yields can range from 60 to 80 g of anhydrous citric acid per 100 g of integrated sugar, or even more. Wells, Moyer, and May achieved a maximum output of 90.7% citric acid from glucose …
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Phases in citric acid Content (%) Phases in oxalic acid Content (%) Coesite 1.953 Sisodium disilicate 8.568 Falalite 4.001 Wollastomite 0.134 Gypsum 91.939 Gypsum 87.249 …
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The industrial byproduct gypsum is a general term for byproducts discharged from industrial production with calcium sulfate as the main ingredient. Due to the high number of impurities and production volume, the industrial …
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Ersen et al. (2006) studied the retarding effect of carbonic acids, such as malic and citric acids on gypsum and PG crystallization, and referred this process to the fact of …
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Citric acid production on industrial scale begun in the mid-1800s based on traditional method of preparing citric acid by extraction from the juice of lemons and limes. As mentioned …
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One of these wastes that requires the search and implementation of recycling routes is a by-product of the biochemical synthesis of citric acid – citrogypsum (CG).
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Submerged fermentation is found to be responsible for around 80% of global citric acid production. Higher yields and cheaper labor costs are two advantages of submerged …
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Gypsum-containing waste (GCW) derived from industries, represents a large-tonnage product. The production of gypsum materials could be one of the ways to recycle GCW products. GCW from...
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The salt is redissolved in sulfuric acid, releasing citric acid in solution and gypsum. The gypsum (Citrogips ®) is separated by filtration, and the decomposed citric acid solution is further purified using ion exchange, activated carbon, and …
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The citric acid production process is that raw material produces citric acid fermentation broth through fermentation with starch, by the lime carbonate neutralization, adds sulfuric acid …
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It was successfully applied to the practical production and application of FGD gypsum, citric acid gypsum and phosphogypsum. In this work, the compositions and morphology of the product at different stages of the …
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such as polycarboxylic acids and more specifically, citric acid are used in gypsum plasters. Numerous studies have been published on the influence of citric acid as an additive in gypsum, …
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Among these, A. niger ACM 4992 ensured the highest citric acid production (194 g/kg), corresponding to a yield of 0.74 g citric acid/g sugar consumed. The optimal conditions were …
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Citric acid is used as a retardant in gypsum plaster. It is especially important in machine applied plaster and in casting plaster, which normally have longer setting times than wallboard plaster. Application of Acidity Regulators
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The cycle of citric acid production with the formation of gypsum-containing waste was considered and options for processing and utilization of citrogypsum were proposed.
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The liquid citric acid stream branches into a complex range of processes that reconnect, interconnect and influence one another at different stages. In the course of the separation, …
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Citric Acid: Applications • Citric acid (CA) is an organic acid that is generally found in a variety of fruits such as limes, lemons, oranges, pineapples, and grapefruits. ... lime and sulfuric acid, …
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An aspect ratio (AR) close to 1 is essential to improve the quality and performance of α-HH gypsum. To solve this problem, the morphological modification of α-HH gypsum by …
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